What does the Two Row Wampum symbolize?

• A. The first peace treaty between the Haudenosaunee and Europeans acknowledging mutual respect.
• B. A trade alliance with the Dutch.
• C. A ceremonial necklace for births.
• D. A migration pattern.

Answer: (A)

The Two Row Wampum belt communicates a treaty and the idea of peaceful coexistence between two nations that remain separate in their laws and ways. The design shows two parallel purple rows, like two canoes traveling side by side on the same river, with white beads between and around them to represent the water and the space that keeps them distinct yet connected. This image encodes a pledge: each nation will follow its own governance and traditions, and neither will try to impose the other’s rules—living in mutual respect and maintaining ongoing, peaceful relations.

Historically, this belt signified a formal agreement with European newcomers, especially the Dutch, in the early 17th century. So the symbol most accurately reflects a peace treaty that acknowledges and honors parallel sovereignties, rather than a simple trade alliance, a birth necklace, or a migration pattern.